Journal: Cellular & molecular immunology

Article Title: γδ T-cell autoresponses to ectopic membrane proteins: a new type of pattern recognition.

doi: 10.1038/s41423-025-01258-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 Ectopically expressed TGM1 served as a stress-induced ligand of Vδ2 T cells. Ectopic expression of TGM1 in menadione-treated 293 T cells was upregulated in a dose-dependent a and time-dependent b manner. c Unpenetrated 293 T cells presented significantly upregulated cell membrane expression of TGM1 after menadione treatment according to confocal microscopy. Scale bar, 10 μm. d Upregulated ectopic TGM1 expression increased the cytotoxicity of γδ T cells to menadione-treated 293 T cells. e TGM1 expression in various human tumor tissues was upregulated compared with that in paracarcinoma control tissues. Scale bar, 100 μm. Flow cytometry f and confocal microscopy g results indicating that TGM1 was ectopically expressed on the surface of OVCAR-8 and NCI-H520 cells. Scale bar, 10 μm. Menadione triggered a significant increase in the ectopic expression of TGM1 on the surface of HepG2 cells h in a dose-dependent manner. Menadione treatment also significantly increased the sensitivity of NCI-H520, HepG2 and OVCAR-8 cells to γδ T-cell cytotoxicity i. j MST analysis of the binding activity of the OT3 peptide to TGM1. k, l, m, n Flow cytometric analysis of the activation of Vδ2+ T cells stimulated with the recombinant TGM1 protein for 48 h and 96 h. CD25 k. CD69 l. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001; ns, p > 0.05, not significant

Article Snippet: Menadione-induced cell stress model NCI-H520 cells were treated with 0.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 μM menadione (MedChemExpress; untreated and DMSO-treated cells were used as controls) for 15 min and then collected for analysis of total protein expression.

Techniques: Expressing, Membrane, Confocal Microscopy, Control, Flow Cytometry, Binding Assay, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Recombinant

Journal: Cellular & molecular immunology

Article Title: γδ T-cell autoresponses to ectopic membrane proteins: a new type of pattern recognition.

doi: 10.1038/s41423-025-01258-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7 The combination of γδ T-cell therapy with radiation increased the antitumor efficacy of human γδ T-cell immunotherapy by increasing the ectopic expression of stress-induced ligands on irradiated tumor cells. a Irradiation exposure can lead to morphological changes in tumor cells. After exposure to 5 Gy radiation, the FSC of NCI-H520 cells significantly increased from 24 h to 48 h, indicating that the cells were in a state of stress. b Irradiation upregulated the ectopic expression of the ligands ULBP1, ULBP2, HSP60 and MICA/B on NCI-H520 cells in vitro. Flow cytometric results showing ligand expression on the tumor cell membrane before and at different time points after irradiation. c The cytotoxicity of human γδ T cells to irradiated tumor cells was significantly increased. The cytotoxicity of γδ T cells to three kinds of tumor cells treated with or without 5 Gy ionizing radiation was recorded via RTCA. d Design of the in vivo experiment in mouse transplanted tumor models. γδ T-cell adoptive immunotherapy alone or in combination with radiotherapy was compared in this study. The combination of immunotherapy with low-dose radiation therapy prolonged survival e and promoted tumor regression in tumor-bearing mice. The tumor growth of each mouse in each group is shown f, and the average value of all the groups is shown g *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 (ANOVA). For survival curves, ANOVA and the log-rank (Mantel‒Cox) test were performed. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001

Article Snippet: Menadione-induced cell stress model NCI-H520 cells were treated with 0.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 μM menadione (MedChemExpress; untreated and DMSO-treated cells were used as controls) for 15 min and then collected for analysis of total protein expression.

Techniques: Expressing, Irradiation, In Vitro, Membrane, In Vivo

Journal: Current Research in Microbial Sciences

Article Title: Extracellular vesicle production: A bidirectional effect in the interplay between host and Candida fungi

doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100255

Figure Lengend Snippet: The range of characteristics of host-derived EVs (hEVs) and fungal-derived EVs (fEVs) mentioned in this review.

Article Snippet: C. albicans ATCC 64,548 grown in the presence of menadione , Lipid composition , .

Techniques: Infection, Concentration Assay, Cell Culture, Sequencing